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Systemic venous anomalies in the Middle East
Antonio F Corno1, Sami A Alahdal1, Karuna Moy Das2
1Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, King Fahad Medical City Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Frontiers in Pediatrics
|January 9, 2014
Summary
Systemic venous anomalies are more common in Middle Eastern patients with congenital heart defects than previously reported. Early diagnosis through pre-operative screening is crucial for surgical planning.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Radiology
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Systemic venous anomalies are rare but can be associated with congenital heart disease requiring surgical intervention.
- Congenital heart defects often necessitate surgical correction, with a potential for co-occurring venous anomalies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of systemic venous anomalies in patients undergoing congenital heart defect surgery.
- To compare the observed incidence with previously reported data.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of pre-operative diagnostic methods.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 155 patients undergoing congenital heart defect surgery between September 2010 and May 2012.
- Identification and classification of systemic venous anomalies: Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), Inferior vena cava (IVC) interruption, and Retro-aortic innominate vein.
- Assessment of pre-operative diagnostic accuracy using echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) scans.
Main Results:
- A total of 29 systemic venous anomalies were found in 28 out of 155 patients (18.1%), a significantly higher incidence than previously reported (4%).
- PLSVC was the most common anomaly (13.5%), followed by IVC interruption (3.2%) and retro-aortic innominate vein (1.9%).
- Pre-operative diagnosis was achieved in 78.6% of cases via echocardiography or CT scan; 21.4% were diagnosed intra-operatively.
Conclusions:
- The incidence of systemic venous anomalies in Middle Eastern patients with congenital heart defects is higher than previously documented.
- Effective pre-operative diagnosis is achievable in a majority of cases using echocardiography and CT scans.
- A thorough pre-operative screening for systemic venous anomalies is recommended for all congenital heart defect patients from this region to optimize surgical planning.
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