Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 4, 2026
08:35
Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
Published on: May 26, 2022
3.6K
Renal denervation: transition from pathophysiology to clinical practice
Thomas D Gossios1, Antonios Ziakas2, Michalis Doumas3
11st Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece thomasgossios@hotmail.com.
Angiology
|January 10, 2014
Summary
Resistant hypertension management may benefit from renal denervation, a procedure targeting the overactive sympathetic nervous system (SNS). This approach shows promise for reducing blood pressure and offers potential benefits beyond hypertension control.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Resistant hypertension, uncontrolled blood pressure despite multiple medications, significantly increases cardiovascular risk.
- Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is a key factor in resistant hypertension's development.
- The SNS plays a role in various conditions including metabolic syndrome, heart failure, and renal failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiological rationale for modulating sympathetic nervous system (SNS) tone.
- To examine the evidence supporting renal denervation for resistant hypertension.
- To explore the benefits of SNS modulation beyond blood pressure reduction.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on resistant hypertension and sympathetic nervous system activation.
- Analysis of studies evaluating renal denervation efficacy and safety.
- Exploration of the impact of SNS modulation in related hyperadrenergic conditions.
Main Results:
- Renal denervation demonstrates promising efficacy in reducing blood pressure in resistant hypertension patients.
- The procedure has a favorable safety profile.
- The paradigm of resistant hypertension is expanding to include other conditions with hyperadrenergic states.
Conclusions:
- Modulating sympathetic nervous system tone, particularly through renal denervation, is a viable strategy for resistant hypertension.
- Renal denervation offers potential therapeutic benefits extending beyond blood pressure control.
- Further research is warranted to fully understand the scope of SNS modulation in cardiovascular and renal diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Diabetic Nephropathy
32
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
32
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
1.9K
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
1.9K
01:20Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
3.4K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
3.4K
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
1.4K
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
1.4K
01:22Diabetic Neuropathy
59
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
59
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
1.9K
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
1.9K