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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology01:08

Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology

55
Pneumothorax means the presence of air in the pleural space — the thin potential gap between the visceral and parietal pleura. This condition disrupts the normal pressure balance that keeps the lungs inflated, leading to partial or complete collapse of the affected lung.Normal physiologyUnder normal conditions, the pleural space maintains a slightly negative intrapleural pressure, which keeps the lungs expanded against the chest wall. This negative pressure creates a delicate balance...
55
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

2.2K
A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
2.2K
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

1.7K
Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

1.8K
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
1.8K
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

11.0K
The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
11.0K
The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

9.1K
The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
11:17

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Published on: February 27, 2026

661

Intrathoracic gossypiboma.

Aamir Hameed1, Ayesha Naeem, Maimoona Azhar

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

BMJ Case Reports
|January 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Gossypiboma, or retained surgical sponges, can cause serious complications years after surgery. Early diagnosis and strict preventive measures are crucial to avoid these adverse events and medicolegal issues.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Surgical Complications
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Gossypiboma, retained surgical sponges, is a rare but serious complication following surgical procedures.
  • It can lead to adhesions, abscess formation, and infections, necessitating prompt diagnosis and management.
  • Preventable causes include non-radio-opaque sponges, inaccurate counts, and inadequate exploration.

Observation:

  • Three cases of intrathoracic gossypiboma after cardiothoracic surgery are presented.
  • Patients presented years post-surgery with varied symptoms, including cough and fever, or remained asymptomatic.
  • Initial CT scans revealed mass lesions, and CT-guided biopsies were inconclusive.

Findings:

  • Definitive diagnosis of intrathoracic gossypiboma was achieved through video-assisted thoracoscopy/thoracotomy.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
11:17

Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Published on: February 27, 2026

661
  • Surgical removal of retained sponges was successful in all presented cases.
  • All patients recovered without further complications post-intervention.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of meticulous surgical counts and the use of radio-opaque markers.
    • Underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by gossypiboma, especially in intrathoracic locations.
    • Emphasizes the critical need for timely surgical intervention to prevent severe patient outcomes and medicolegal consequences.