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Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology

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Published on: August 22, 2022

Maxillomandibular osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis.

Pedro Infante-Cossio¹, Luis-Miguel Gonzalez-Perez, Rafael Martinez-de-Fuentes

¹From the *Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital; †Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital; and §Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|January 11, 2014

Summary

Osteopetrosis, a bone disorder, can lead to rare complications like severe maxillomandibular osteomyelitis. Treatment with antibiotics and debridement managed infections but did not fully heal the condition.

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Area of Science:

Genetics and Molecular Biology
Orthopedics
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disorder of bone metabolism characterized by impaired osteoclast function and increased bone density.
Diagnosis typically relies on clinical history of fractures and radiographic evidence of osteosclerosis.
Complications, while rare, can significantly impact patient morbidity.

Observation:

This report details an exceptionally rare case of osteopetrosis presenting with recurrent maxillomandibular osteomyelitis.
The osteomyelitis was associated with cutaneous fistulization and purulent nasal discharge, indicating severe infection spread.
The patient experienced repeated infectious episodes requiring medical intervention.

Findings:

Intravenous antibiotic therapy was administered to combat the bacterial infection.
Surgical debridement of necrotic bone was performed to remove infected tissue.
These interventions successfully prevented acute infectious exacerbations during a 3-year follow-up period.

Implications:

This case highlights the potential for severe, invasive infections in osteopetrosis patients.
Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach combining antibiotics and surgical intervention.
Complete resolution remains challenging, underscoring the need for further research into osteopetrosis complications and treatment strategies.