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On recursion.

Jeffrey Watumull1, Marc D Hauser2, Ian G Roberts3

  • 1Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA ; Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The faculty of language in the narrow sense (FLN) relies on recursion, a concept often misunderstood as syntactic embedding. Clarifying recursion

Keywords:
FLN/FLBGödelTuringcomputabilityinductionrecursionsyntax

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Language

Background:

  • The faculty of language in the narrow sense (FLN) hypothesis posits recursion as uniquely human.
  • Previous interpretations of recursion in linguistics have been confused, often equating it with syntactic embedding.
  • Hauser et al. (2002) proposed FLN based on mathematical definitions of recursion, but this was widely misinterpreted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the concept of recursion in linguistic analysis.
  • To correct common misconceptions about recursion and its relation to syntactic embedding.
  • To provide clear criteria for understanding recursion in the context of language faculty.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of recursion based on Gödel and Turing's mathematical definitions.
  • Explanation of three criterial properties of recursion: computability, definition by induction, and mathematical induction.
  • Distinction between recursion as a generative process and its potential outputs (e.g., embedding).

Main Results:

  • Recursion is defined by its computational properties (intension, generative rules, principled expansion), not by output characteristics like embedding.
  • Syntactic embedding is a sufficient but not necessary diagnostic of recursion.
  • Apparent restrictions on embedding in some languages lack theoretical import for the FLN hypothesis.

Conclusions:

  • Conceptual clarity on recursion is essential for accurate empirical investigation of the FLN.
  • All natural language grammars meet the necessary and sufficient criteria for recursion.
  • Misinterpretations of recursion have led to irrelevant research concerning language competence and generative power.