Comparative pharmacology of 1,4-dihydropyridines and other Ca2+ channel ligands

Experimental and clinical pharmacology of Ca2+ channel antagonists is reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of three major classes of Ca2+ antagonists, 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs), benzothiazepines, and phenylalkylamines, are discussed. Reduction of peripheral vascular resistance, freedom from adverse effects on lipid metabolism, mild diuretic activity without an increase in plasma aldosterone, and absence of negative inotropic action at therapeutic dose levels are considered the major advantages of DHPs in the treatment of hypertensive patients.