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Repetitive antisaccade execution does not increase the unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost.

Jeffrey Weiler1, Matthew Heath2

  • 1School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, Canada.

Acta Psychologica
|January 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The number of antisaccades before a prosaccade does not increase the switch-cost, suggesting top-down control does not add inhibition to saccade networks. This impacts understanding of oculomotor control and cognitive flexibility.

Keywords:
23302340AntisaccadeInhibitionOculomotorProsaccadeReaction timeTask-switching

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Oculomotor Research

Background:

  • Antisaccades, responses to the mirror-symmetrical location of a visual target, require cognitive control.
  • Compared to prosaccades, antisaccades have longer planning times and more errors.
  • Antisaccades may inhibit oculomotor networks, leading to a 'switch-cost' for subsequent prosaccades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the number of preceding antisaccades influences the magnitude of the prosaccade switch-cost.
  • To determine if antisaccade task demands lead to additive inhibition of saccade networks.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed prosaccades and antisaccades under different task schedules (AABB, AAAABBBB, blocked trials).
  • Reaction times for prosaccades and antisaccades were measured.
  • The unidirectional prosaccade switch-cost was calculated and compared across conditions.

Main Results:

  • Task-switching prosaccades showed longer reaction times than task-repetition and blocked prosaccades.
  • Antisaccade reaction times were consistent across all task conditions.
  • The prosaccade switch-cost magnitude was not affected by the number of preceding antisaccades or task-switching schedules.

Conclusions:

  • The top-down control required for antisaccades does not appear to induce additive inhibition in stimulus-driven saccade networks.
  • The observed prosaccade switch-cost is not modulated by the frequency of antisaccade task repetition.
  • Findings challenge the notion of accumulating inhibition from antisaccades on subsequent prosaccade planning.