Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) recommended immunization schedule for children aged 0 through 18 years, India,
, Vipin M Vashishtha1, Ajay Kalra
1Correspondence to: Vipin M Vashishtha, Convener, IAP Advisory Committee on Vaccines and Immunization Practices, Mangla Hospital and Research Center, Shakti Chowk, Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh, 246701,India. vipinipsita@gmail.com.
Insights
The 2013 immunization timetable now recommends whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines for infants due to waning immunity with acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines. Updates also include revised rotavirus vaccine schedules and new recommendations for JE, typhoid, and meningococcal vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Vaccinology
- Immunization Recommendations
- Public Health
Background:
- Rapid advancements in vaccinology necessitate regular review and revision of existing vaccine recommendations.
- Keeping immunization schedules current is crucial for effective disease prevention in pediatric populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To update and revise the 2013 immunization timetable for pediatric office practices.
- To provide guidance on new vaccine formulations and administration schedules.
Main Methods:
- Consensus-based review of existing vaccine data and new developments.
- Drafting and circulation of revised recommendations among experts for agreement.
- Inclusion of updates on novel vaccine formulations.
Main Results:
- Shift in pertussis vaccine recommendation: whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines are now preferred for primary infant immunization over acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines.
- Revised administration schedule for monovalent human rotavirus vaccine (RV1) to 10 and 14 weeks.
- New recommendations for booster doses of live attenuated SA-14-14-2 JE vaccine.
- Inclusion of information on new typhoid conjugate vaccines, JE vaccines (inactivated vero-cell derived strains), and meningococcal conjugate vaccines.
- Consolidated immunization schedule for ages 0-18 years with enhanced footnotes for routine and catch-up vaccinations.
Conclusions:
- The revised 2013 immunization timetable reflects critical updates in vaccinology, particularly concerning pertussis immunization strategies.
- New vaccine formulations and updated schedules for rotavirus, JE, typhoid, and meningococcal vaccines are now available to guide pediatricians.
- Emphasis on whole-cell pertussis vaccines for primary infant immunization addresses concerns about waning immunity associated with acellular vaccines.
Justification:
There is a need to review/revise recommendations about existing vaccines in light of recent developments in the field of vaccinology where new developments are taking place regularly at short intervals.
Process:
Following an IAP ACVIP meeting on 3rd and 4th August, 2013, a draft of revised recommendations for the year 2013 and updates on certain new vaccine formulations was prepared and circulated among the meeting participants to arrive at a consensus.
Objectives:
To review and revise recommendations for 2013 Immunization timetable for pediatricians in office practice and issue statements on new vaccine formulations.
Recommendations:
The major change in the 2013 Immunization timetable was made in the recommendations pertaining to pertussis immunization. Taking in to the consideration of recent outbreaks of pertussis in many industrialized countries using acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines and subsequent finding of faster waning of the same in comparison to whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines and superior priming with wP vaccines than aP vaccines, the committee has now recommended wP vaccines for the primary series of infant vaccination. Guidelines are now also issued on the preference/selection of a particular aP vaccine in case it is not feasible to use wP vaccine, and use of Tdap vaccine during pregnancy. The administration schedule of monovalent human rotavirus vaccine, RV1 has been revised to 10 and 14 weeks from existing 6 and 10 weeks. Recommendation is made for the need of booster dose of live attenuated SA-14-14-2 JE vaccine. Updates and recommendations are issued on new typhoid conjugate vaccine, inactivated vero-cell culture derived SA-14-14-2 JE vaccine, inactivated vero-cell derived Kolar strain, 821564XY JE vaccine, and new meningococcal conjugate vaccines. This year the recommended immunization schedule with range for persons aged 0 through 18 years is being published together instead of two separate schedules. A subcategory of general instruction is added in footnotes. The comments and footnotes for several vaccines are revised and separate instructions for routine vaccination and catch-up vaccination are added in the footnotes section wherever applicable.
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