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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Behavioral Therapy
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) significantly impacts child development and family dynamics.
  • Parent-child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is an evidence-based treatment for ODD.
  • Long-term maintenance of treatment gains requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a two-year maintenance treatment for PCIT.
  • To compare PCIT maintenance treatment (MT) with an assessment-only (AO) follow-up.
  • To examine the long-term effects of PCIT for children with ODD.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled trial with 61 children diagnosed with ODD.
  • Standard PCIT followed by randomization to MT or AO conditions.
  • Data collected via parent, child, and observational measures at multiple time points.

Main Results:

  • MT families showed stability from post-treatment to two-year follow-up.
  • AO families did not exhibit expected decrements in gains.
  • No significant differences were observed between MT and AO groups at follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • PCIT maintenance treatment did not demonstrate a significant advantage over assessment-only follow-up.
  • Sustained gains in the AO group may be attributed to ongoing treatment enhancement or assessment effects.
  • Further research is needed to understand factors contributing to long-term treatment maintenance in ODD.