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Septic sialoadenitis in equids: a retrospective study of 18 cases (1998-2010).

I Kilcoyne1, J L Watson, S J Spier

  • 1William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California at Davis, Davis, USA.

Equine Veterinary Journal
|January 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Septic sialoadenitis in horses is often linked to dental issues and stones. Prompt treatment for anaerobic infection leads to a favorable prognosis in most cases.

Keywords:
equidhorsesalivary glandsialoadenitissialolithultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Septic sialoadenitis is an uncommon but serious condition in horses, causing pain and difficulty eating.
  • Few cases are reported, potentially due to its infrequent occurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review equine cases of septic sialoadenitis.
  • To describe clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series of horses diagnosed with septic sialoadenitis from 1998-2010.
  • Diagnosis confirmed via oral examination, ultrasonography, and/or microbial culture.
  • Data included signalment, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Eighteen horses diagnosed with parotid (11) or mandibular (7) septic sialoadenitis.
  • Dental abnormalities (93.3%) and sialolithiasis (6/18) were common.
  • Fusobacterium sp. and other bacteria identified; 83.3% recovered with treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Dental disease and sialoliths likely contribute to equine septic sialoadenitis.
  • Empirical treatment for anaerobic infection is recommended pending culture results.
  • Prognosis is generally favorable with appropriate treatment.