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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Controlling nitrogen migration through micro-nano networks.

Dongqing Cai1, Zhengyan Wu1, Jiang Jiang1

  • 11] Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China [2] Bioenergy Forest Research Centre of State Forestry Administration, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China.

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This study introduces a novel loss control fertilizer (LCF) using modified nanoclay to reduce environmental nitrogen pollution. LCF self-assembles in soil, retaining nutrients for crops and minimizing harmful environmental discharge.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Nitrogen fertilizer unabsorbed by crops leads to environmental pollution via runoff, leaching, and volatilization.
  • This pollution spans three dimensions, affecting underground, surface, and atmospheric environments.
  • Effective methods are needed to control nitrogen loss from fertilizers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fertilizer approach for controlling nitrogen loss.
  • To reduce the environmental pollution associated with nitrogen fertilizer use.
  • To enhance nutrient availability for crops while minimizing environmental risks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed loss control fertilizer (LCF) by incorporating modified natural nanoclay (attapulgite) into traditional fertilizer.
  • LCF self-assembles in aqueous phase, forming 3D micro/nano networks through hydrogen bonds and other weak interactions.
  • Utilized the self-fabrication of nanomaterials to manipulate nitrogen spatial scale for soil retention.

Main Results:

  • LCF demonstrated a higher nitrogen spatial scale, enabling retention by a soil filtering layer.
  • Significant reduction in nitrogen loss was observed.
  • Sufficient nutrient supply for crops was maintained.
  • The pollution risk associated with fertilizer use was substantially lowered.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LCF approach effectively controls nitrogen loss and reduces environmental pollution.
  • Self-assembly of nanomaterials offers a novel strategy for managing nutrient and pollutant migration in soil.
  • This method provides a promising avenue for controlling the environmental impact of micro-scaled pollutants.