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Human rhinovirus and disease severity in children

Lourenço Faria Costa1, Divina Aparecida Oliveira Queiróz, Hélio Lopes da Silveira

  • 1Laboratory of Virology, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas.

Pediatrics
|January 15, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a common cause of respiratory illness in children, often leading to severe disease when co-infected with other viruses like RSV or in children with underlying health conditions. HRV infections can cause lower respiratory tract symptoms and hospitalization.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Virology
  • Respiratory medicine

Background:

  • Human rhinovirus (HRV) is a frequent cause of respiratory infections in children.
  • Factors influencing the severity of HRV-related illness require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively evaluate HRV infections in children up to 5 years old.
  • To identify factors associated with increased disease severity in pediatric HRV infections.

Main Methods:

  • Nasopharyngeal aspirates from 434 children with respiratory symptoms were analyzed for HRV and other respiratory viruses.
  • Host risk factors and clinical data were assessed to determine associations with disease severity.

Main Results:

  • HRV was detected in 41.7% of samples, with 43.2% of co-infections involving respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
  • Coinfections (51.3%) were associated with more severe symptoms and hospitalization compared to single HRV infections (28.9%).
  • RSV co-infection, prematurity, cardiomyopathies, and noninfectious respiratory diseases were linked to severe HRV disease.

Conclusions:

  • HRV is a common pediatric respiratory pathogen and can cause severe illness, including lower respiratory tract symptoms.
  • Severe HRV disease is often associated with RSV co-infection and specific comorbidities like prematurity and congenital heart disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrencoinfectionscomorbiditieshuman rhinovirusrespiratory disease severity

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