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Updated: May 4, 2026

Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
Published on: January 11, 2016
Edward W Buchel1, Kimberly R Dalke1, Thomas Ej Hayakawa1
1Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
The transverse upper gracilis free flap offers a reliable option for breast reconstruction, particularly when abdominal donor sites are unsuitable. This modified technique aims to minimize donor site complications like thigh scarring and lymphedema.
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