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Related Concept Videos

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

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Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

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Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Monitoring ER/SR Calcium Release with the Targeted Ca2+ Sensor CatchER+
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Monitoring ER/SR Calcium Release with the Targeted Ca2+ Sensor CatchER+

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Calcium revisited: part I.

Peter Burckhardt1

  • 1Osteoporosis Clinic, Hirslanden Clinique Bois-Cerf , Lausanne, Switzerland.

Bonekey Reports
|January 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Calcium is vital for bone health, but recommendations for supplementation in postmenopausal women vary. This review examines calcium intake, absorption, and its effects on bone, highlighting key studies and recent findings.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Conflicting recommendations exist regarding calcium and vitamin D supplementation for fracture prevention in postmenopausal women.
  • The US Preventive Services Task Force advised against routine supplementation, contrasting with other viewpoints.
  • Understanding calcium's role in bone health remains crucial for public health guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To objectively review the importance of calcium for bone health.
  • To analyze calcium intake, absorption, needs, and recommendations.
  • To discuss the impact of calcium and its supplements on bone structure and integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pivotal historical studies on calcium and bone health.
  • Inclusion of recent research offering new insights into calcium's effects.

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Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis
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Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis

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Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients
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Membrane Remodeling of Giant Vesicles in Response to Localized Calcium Ion Gradients

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Monitoring ER/SR Calcium Release with the Targeted Ca2+ Sensor CatchER+
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Fluorescent Calcium Imaging and Subsequent In Situ Hybridization for Neuronal Precursor Characterization in Xenopus laevis
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  • Author's personal perspective integrated with scientific literature analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium intake, absorption, and requirements are fundamental to bone health.
    • Supplementation effects on bone are complex and influenced by various factors.
    • Divergent expert opinions highlight the need for continued research.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium remains essential for maintaining bone health throughout life.
    • Evidence suggests a nuanced approach to calcium supplementation, particularly for postmenopausal women.
    • Further research is needed to clarify optimal calcium strategies for fracture prevention.