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Relation between emotional distress and heart rate variability in patients with an implantable

Madelein T Hoogwegt1, Susanne S Pedersen, Dominic A M J Theuns

  • 1CoRPS-Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Psychophysiology
|January 16, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Type D personality and depression are linked to reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients, indicating poorer autonomic control. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in larger groups.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key indicator of autonomic nervous system function.
  • Psychological factors like Type D personality, depression, and anxiety can influence cardiovascular health.
  • Patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) represent a population at high risk for cardiac events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between Type D personality, depression, anxiety, and HRV in ICD patients.
  • To analyze HRV during 24-hour monitoring, daytime rest, and nighttime sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four patients with ICDs underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring for HRV assessment.
  • Analysis included standard deviation of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals (SDNN), SDANN, HRV triangular index, root mean square of successive differences in NN intervals (RMSSD), and pNN50.
  • Adjusted analyses were performed, with a Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing.

Main Results:

  • Significant associations were found between Type D personality and lower SDNN and SDANN.
  • Trends indicated associations between Type D personality and HRV triangular index, and depression with lower RMSSD and pNN50.
  • Depression showed notable associations with lower RMSSD and pNN50 during sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Despite reductions in significance after multiple testing correction, findings support lower autonomic control in ICD patients with Type D personality and depression.
  • Psychological distress may significantly impact autonomic regulation in this high-risk cardiac population.
  • Larger sample sizes are recommended for future research to validate these associations.

Keywords:
DepressionHeart rate variabilityICD concernsImplantable cardioverter-defibrillatorType D personality

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