Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice
07:15

Intranasal Administration of CNS Therapeutics to Awake Mice

Published on: April 8, 2013

60.0K

Intranasal insulin suppresses systemic but not subcutaneous lipolysis in healthy humans

K Alexander Iwen1, Thomas Scherer, Martin Heni

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I (K.A.I., F.S., T.W., F.M., H.L.), Section of Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; Departments of Medicine and Neuroscience and Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute (DOMI) (T.S., C.B.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York 10029; Department of Internal Medicine III (T.S.), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, and Clinical Chemistry (M.He., H.-U.H., A.F.), Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen (IDM) (M.He., H.P., H.-U.H., A.F., M.Ha.), fMEG (Fetal Magnetoencephalography) Center (H.P.), and Department of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology (M.Ha.), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) (M.He., H.P., H.-U.H., A.F., M.Ha.), 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|January 16, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

More Related Videos

Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Sampling Using a Mini-Liposuction Technique08:59

Human Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Sampling Using a Mini-Liposuction Technique

Published on: September 27, 2021

3.4K
Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain08:32

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

11.7K

Related Concept Videos

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
1.2K
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.3K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.3K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
2.8K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
1.0K
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
1.3K