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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Updated: May 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Author Spotlight: Tracking Electrochemistry on Single Nanoparticles with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Microscopy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Approaches to single-nanoparticle catalysis.

Justin B Sambur¹, Peng Chen

¹Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850;

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry

|January 16, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding individual nanoparticle catalyst activity is crucial for industrial applications. This review highlights experimental methods for measuring single nanoparticle catalysis with high sensitivity and spatial resolution.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Nanoparticles are vital industrial catalysts, but their heterogeneity causes variable activity.
Understanding individual nanoparticle behavior is key to developing more efficient catalysts.

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental approaches for measuring single-nanoparticle catalyst activity.
To discuss methods offering chemical selectivity, sensitivity, or subparticle resolution.

Main Methods:

Electrochemical methods
Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy
Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy
X-ray microscopy
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Main Results:

Various techniques enable the study of catalysis at the single nanoparticle level.
These methods provide insights into particle-specific activity and heterogeneity.
Subparticle resolution is achievable with certain advanced techniques.

Conclusions:

Accurate measurement of single-nanoparticle catalysis is essential for catalyst design.
Experimental advancements are crucial for understanding and optimizing nanoparticle catalysts.
Future research should leverage these techniques for enhanced catalytic performance.