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Positional effects on soybean seed composition during storage.

Sucheta Sharma¹, Amandeep Kaur¹, Abhey Bansal¹

¹Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004 India.

Journal of Food Science and Technology

|January 16, 2014

Summary

Soybean seed aging reveals biochemical changes based on stem position. Basal seeds show greater deterioration during storage due to higher lipid content and lower antioxidant activity compared to apical seeds.

Keywords:

Antioxidant enzymes Carbohydrates Lipid peroxidation Nodal position Soybean seeds Storage

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Biochemistry
Plant Physiology

Background:

Soybean seed quality is influenced by various factors, including storage conditions and genetic makeup.
Natural aging processes significantly impact seed viability and biochemical composition.
Seed position on the parent plant can affect physiological and biochemical characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate biochemical changes in soybean seeds during natural aging.
To determine the influence of seed position on the stem axis (nodal position) on these aging-related biochemical alterations.
To correlate biochemical changes with seed deterioration during storage.

Main Methods:

Field-grown soybean seeds from different nodal positions were analyzed.
Biochemical assays were performed to measure oil, protein, membrane lipids, starch, soluble sugars, and reducing sugars.
Lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, peroxidase) were assessed.
Seeds were stored for 180 days to evaluate changes over time.

Main Results:

Significant differences in oil and protein content were observed based on nodal position.
Oil and protein content decreased after 180 days of storage across all positions.
Membrane lipid proportions were lower in basal seeds compared to apical seeds and decreased with storage.
Lipid peroxidation increased during storage, accompanied by decreased catalase and peroxidase activity.
Basal seeds exhibited higher lipid peroxidation and lower peroxidase activity than apical seeds.

Conclusions:

Soybean seed position on the stem axis influences biochemical composition and aging susceptibility.
Seeds from basal positions demonstrate greater deterioration during storage, potentially due to higher initial lipid content and reduced antioxidant capacity.
Understanding these positional effects is crucial for optimizing soybean seed quality and storage strategies.