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Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

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Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

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Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
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Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

26
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor,...
26
Goiter01:27

Goiter

32
Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...
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Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

23
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence...
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"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach
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Ectopic thyroid tissue masquerading as a lateral neck mass: a case report.

Praveen Ravishankaran1, G Mohan2, G Ravindran2

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Coimbatore Medical Collage Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil nadu India ; 1, Chaturvedi nagar, Rayappa layout, Ganapathy, Coimbatore, 641006 India.

The Indian Journal of Surgery
|January 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ectopic thyroid tissue in the lateral neck is rare. This case report details a 35-year-old male with a lateral neck swelling, revealing normal thyroid tissue, challenging the metastatic carcinoma assumption.

Keywords:
Ectopic thyroidLateral aberrant thyroid

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Thyroid gland development originates from a pharyngeal floor diverticulum.
  • Aberrant descent can lead to lingual thyroid.
  • Lateral neck thyroid tissue is often presumed metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of ectopic thyroid tissue in the lateral neck.
  • To discuss the implications of this finding in relation to metastatic thyroid carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 35-year-old male with a lateral neck swelling.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) identified an enlarged level 2 lymph node.
  • Surgical excision and Histopathological Examination (HPE) of the specimen.

Main Results:

  • Histopathology revealed normal thyroid tissue within the lateral neck lymph node.
  • This finding contrasts with the typical assumption of metastatic carcinoma in such cases.
  • Literature review confirmed the rarity of ectopic thyroid tissue in this location.

Conclusions:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue in the lateral neck, though rare, can present as a benign finding.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering benign ectopic thyroid tissue, not solely metastatic disease.
  • Further documentation of such rare cases is crucial for refining diagnostic criteria.