Abdominal Wall Synovial Sarcoma During Pregnancy-a Case Report

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background:

• Synovial sarcoma is a rare, aggressive malignant mesenchymal neoplasm.
• While often associated with adults and extremities, it occurs in children and adolescents (30%) and is exceptionally rare during pregnancy.
• Concurrent diagnoses of carcinoma during pregnancy are ~0.1%, with sarcomas being even rarer.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of synovial sarcoma in a pregnant patient.
• To highlight diagnostic challenges and the aggressive nature of this neoplasm.
• To underscore the importance of accurate diagnosis and prompt management of abdominal masses in pregnancy.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 21-year-old pregnant woman (34 weeks gestation) presenting with an anterior abdominal wall mass.
• Clinical diagnosis of desmoid tumor.
• Surgical excision of the tumor.
• Post-operative follow-up for 6 months.

Main Results:

• The patient was diagnosed with synovial sarcoma, initially misdiagnosed as a desmoid tumor.
• The tumor was completely excised.
• Within 6 months post-excision, the patient experienced a relapse with multiple abdominal wall swellings and ascites.

Conclusions:

• Synovial sarcoma can occur in the abdominal wall during pregnancy, posing diagnostic and management challenges.
• The aggressive nature of synovial sarcoma necessitates thorough diagnostic evaluation and consideration of rare possibilities, even in pregnancy.
• Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and to prevent rapid recurrence of this rare malignancy.