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Surgical dislocation of the hip: evolving indications.
James R Ross1, Perry L Schoenecker1, John C Clohisy1
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, One Barnes-Hospital Plaza, Suite 11300, West Pavilion, Campus Box 8233, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
Surgical hip dislocation is a valuable technique for treating femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), offering good outcomes with careful application. Proper technique minimizes complication risks in FAI treatment.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Hip Arthroscopy
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) involves abnormal abutment of the femur and acetabular rim.
- Surgical hip dislocation facilitates joint preservation and disease pattern understanding.
Purpose of the Study:
- Describe the surgical dislocation technique for FAI.
- Review indications, outcomes, and complications.
- Present case examples of the technique.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review.
- Defined indications, clinical outcomes, and complications for surgical hip dislocation in FAI treatment.
Main Results:
- Clinical success rates range from 64% to 96%.
- Conversion to total hip arthroplasty reported between 0% and 30%.
- Major complication rates (3.3%–6%) include trochanteric nonunion, neurapraxia, and heterotopic ossification.
Conclusions:
- FAI presents diverse disease patterns.
- Surgical dislocation provides complete hip access and pathomechanics visualization.
- Adhering to technique minimizes complications in FAI deformity treatment.
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