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Prevalence of Hearing Loss in High Risk Infants of Mediocre Socio-economic Background at Around One Year of Age and

Suranjana Sur Mukherjee1, Suchandra Mukherjee2, Kakali Das Sarkar1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College, Kolkata, India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|January 16, 2014
PubMed

Insights

High-risk infants often experience hearing loss, with significant percentages showing mild to profound impairments. Early detection through brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) and intervention are crucial for these infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric audiology
  • Neonatal screening
  • Otoacoustic emissions

Background:

  • Infants, particularly those from socio-economic disadvantages, are at high risk for hearing loss.
  • Early identification of hearing impairment is critical for developmental outcomes.
  • Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) is a key diagnostic tool for infant hearing assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine hearing thresholds in high-risk infants using BERA.
  • To correlate identified risk factors with the incidence of hearing loss.
  • To emphasize the need for early intervention in at-risk infants.

Main Methods:

  • Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) was performed on 127 infants (6-18 months), with 87 classified as high-risk.
  • Monaural acoustic stimuli and Cz-M1/M2 montage were used to determine hearing thresholds (dB nHL).
  • Multiple logistic regression and Odd's Ratio (OR) analysis were applied to correlate risk factors with hearing loss (>40 dB nHL).

Main Results:

  • Out of 87 high-risk infants, 10.34% had severe to profound bilateral hearing loss, and 17.24% had mild to moderate bilateral loss.
  • 12.64% of high-risk infants presented with unilateral hearing impairment.
  • Family history of deafness, ototoxic drug exposure, and craniofacial abnormalities showed very high Odd's Ratios for hearing loss.

Conclusions:

  • High-risk infants face a significant and persistent risk of hearing loss.
  • BERA is effective in identifying hearing thresholds in infants.
  • Early detection and intervention are vital for managing hearing loss in high-risk infants.

Keywords:
BERAHearing lossHigh risk infants

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