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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 4, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
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Kinetic consequences of constraining running behavior.

John A Mercer1, Neil E Bezodis2, Mike Russell1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Nevada , Las Vegas, USA.

Journal of Sports Science & Medicine
|January 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stride length significantly influences running impact forces. Constraining stride length altered the relationship between running velocity and impact force, suggesting it

Keywords:
Ground reaction forceimpact attenuationshock

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement Science
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Impact forces during running increase with velocity and stride length.
  • The independent role of stride length versus velocity in determining impact characteristics was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if stride length influences the relationship between running velocity and impact characteristics.
  • To differentiate the effects of velocity and stride length on running impact forces.

Main Methods:

  • Eight volunteers ran under preferred stride length (PSL) and constrained stride length (SL2.5m) conditions.
  • Ground reaction forces and accelerations were measured across various running velocities.
  • Impact force and impact attenuation were calculated and analyzed against velocity.

Main Results:

  • The relationship between impact force and velocity differed significantly between PSL and SL2.5m conditions.
  • Impact attenuation also showed a different velocity-dependent relationship when stride length was constrained.
  • Constraining stride length to 2.5m prevented the expected increase in impact force with velocity.

Conclusions:

  • Stride length is a critical determinant of impact force magnitude during running.
  • Altering stride length changes how impact forces respond to variations in running velocity.
  • Lower extremity posture, influenced by stride length, likely dictates impact characteristics.