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Related Concept Videos

The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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What are Biogeochemical Cycles?00:54

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The most common elements in organic molecules, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, are only available in the ecosystem in limited amounts. Therefore, these nutrients must be recycled through both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem, in processes generally called biogeochemical cycles.
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The Carbon Cycle01:14

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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The Sulfur Cycle01:22

The Sulfur Cycle

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Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
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Phosphorylation01:02

Phosphorylation

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The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
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Phosphorylation01:02

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Updated: May 4, 2026

Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment
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Measuring Phosphorus Release in Laboratory Microcosms for Water Quality Assessment

Published on: July 22, 2019

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Phosphorus cycle - possibilities for its rebuilding.

Katarzyna Gorazda1, Zbigniew Wzorek1, Barbara Tarko1

  • 1Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Chemistry and Inorganic Technology.

Acta Biochimica Polonica
|January 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Recovering phosphorus from sewage sludge ash is vital for rebuilding the phosphorus cycle. Technologies like acid extraction show high efficiency, offering a sustainable solution for phosphorus recovery in Poland.

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Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The phosphorus cycle is critical for ecosystems and agriculture, facing depletion risks.
  • Phosphate-rich waste, particularly sewage sludge ash (SSA), presents a viable secondary source of phosphorus.
  • Current phosphorus recovery methods require careful selection based on ash properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review phosphorus cycle rebuilding strategies.
  • To explore and compare methods for phosphorus recovery from SSA.
  • To assess the feasibility of phosphorus recovery technologies in Poland.

Main Methods:

  • Review of wet extraction and thermochemical methods for phosphorus recovery from SSA.
  • Analysis of laboratory-scale and industrial-scale phosphorus recovery technologies.
  • Evaluation of a patented acid extraction method for phosphorus recovery.

Main Results:

  • Phosphorus recovery from SSA is technically feasible and promising in Poland due to increasing incineration plants.
  • Acid extraction methods, like the one patented by Cracow University of Technology, achieve 80-96% phosphorus recovery efficiency.
  • Recycling 3000-4000 tons of phosphorus annually could meet approximately 7% of Poland's phosphorus ore import needs.

Conclusions:

  • Effective phosphorus recovery from SSA depends on matching the method to specific ash composition.
  • Biotechnology and chemical technology offer pathways to rebuild the phosphorus cycle.
  • Implementing phosphorus recovery from SSA in Poland presents a significant opportunity for resource circularity.