Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

9.6K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
9.6K
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

26
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
26
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

28
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH...
28

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Geometric control of Fe(I) intermediates in CO<sub>2</sub> photoreduction by tetrahedral tripodal phosphine complexes.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2026
Same author

Reconfigured immunity in Adar heterozygous and Adar Mavs Eif2ak2 (PKR) triple mutant mice.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Novel <i>DNASE2</i> Variants Linked With Neonatal Acute Liver Failure and Monogenic Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

The Journal of rheumatology·2026
Same author

Cumulative Social Disadvantage and Disease Activity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry Study.

Arthritis care & research·2026
Same author

Cognitive Screening and Neuropsychological Evaluation in Children and Young Adults With Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Survey of Rheumatologists.

ACR open rheumatology·2026
Same author

Agreement between parent- and self-report of executive functioning in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: implications for clinical practice.

Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.
05:47

Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.

Published on: May 13, 2015

13.7K

Reduced thymic output in elite athletes.

Adria Prieto-Hinojosa1, Andrea Knight1, Claude Compton2

  • 1Anthony Nolan Research Institute, The Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
|January 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Elite athletes show reduced naïve T cells and increased memory cells, resembling immune system aging. This suggests intensive training may negatively impact long-term health, particularly for older athletes.

Keywords:
Exercise immunologyNaïve T cellThymus

More Related Videos

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry
14:29

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry

Published on: October 8, 2012

21.3K
Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells
07:20

Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells

Published on: August 8, 2014

32.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.
05:47

Isolation and Transplantation of Different Aged Murine Thymic Grafts.

Published on: May 13, 2015

13.7K
Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry
14:29

Examination of Thymic Positive and Negative Selection by Flow Cytometry

Published on: October 8, 2012

21.3K
Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells
07:20

Isolation, Identification, and Purification of Murine Thymic Epithelial Cells

Published on: August 8, 2014

32.4K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Intensive training exposes athletes to chronic stress and cortisol, potentially impairing immune function.
  • The thymus, crucial for T cell production, naturally declines with age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare T cell receptor excision circles (TREC) levels and T cell subset distribution in elite endurance athletes versus controls.
  • To investigate if intense exercise accelerates immune system aging in athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Measured circulating TREC levels, a marker of recent thymic emigrants.
  • Analyzed naïve and memory T cell subsets (including CD4 T cells) in athletes and controls.

Main Results:

  • Athletes exhibited significantly reduced TREC levels compared to controls.
  • Elite athletes showed lower absolute numbers of naïve T cells, especially CD4 T cells.
  • Conversely, memory T cell populations were elevated in athletes.

Conclusions:

  • The observed immune changes in athletes mimic premature immune aging.
  • Prolonged high-intensity exercise, particularly into the fourth decade, may pose health risks due to accelerated T cell aging.