Nutritional therapy, phosphate control and renal protection.

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Nutritional Science
• Cardiometabolic Health

Background:

• Dietary management for chronic kidney disease (CKD) traditionally involves limiting potassium, phosphorus, and salt, with protein restriction debated for slowing kidney damage.
• Emerging evidence highlights the impact of a healthy diet on CKD progression and cardiometabolic issues like inflammation and oxidative stress in moderate/advanced stages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review dietary strategies for delaying CKD progression and managing complications.
• To discuss the current limited data on malnutrition and protein-energy wasting in pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current evidence on dietary interventions in CKD.
• Analysis of studies focusing on cardiometabolic complications and nutritional status.

Main Results:

• Dietary adjustments can help slow CKD progression and mitigate complications.
• Further research is needed on preventing malnutrition and protein-energy wasting in early-stage CKD.

Conclusions:

• Optimizing diet is crucial for managing CKD progression and associated complications.
• Addressing malnutrition and protein-energy wasting requires more investigation in pre-dialysis CKD.