Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Cement II01:22

Types of Cement II

619
Portland blast-furnace cement is made by blending Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, which accounts for 25 to 65 percent of the cement's weight. Despite its similarities to ordinary Portland (Type I) cement in terms of fineness and setting times, its early strength is lower, though it achieves comparable strength later on. It's particularly suited for mass concrete structures and marine environments due to its lower heat of hydration and superior sulfate...
619
Types of Cement I01:21

Types of Cement I

555
Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
555
Mortar01:29

Mortar

887
Mortar, a mixture of Portland cement, hydrated lime, sand, and water, is a crucial binding material in construction. Its primary function is to join masonry units together, filling gaps and ensuring a uniform distribution of weight across the structure. This helps in preventing potential weaknesses. Mortar also serves as a protective barrier against environmental elements such as water and wind, thereby safeguarding the interior of the structure. It also compensates for surface irregularities...
887
Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

1.9K
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
1.9K
Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

1.1K
Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
1.1K
Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete01:26

Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete

800
The alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete involves natural siliceous minerals in aggregates reacting with alkaline hydroxides derived from cement alkalis. This reaction forms an alkali-silica gel that absorbs water, swells, and increases in volume, which is confined by the surrounding cement paste, creating internal pressures that crack and disrupt the concrete. The extent of expansion and damage can be partly attributed to the alkali-silica reaction's osmotic hydraulic pressure and the...
800

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Case Report of Progressive Brown Syndrome?

The British and Irish orthoptic journal·2020
Same author

Investigating the effect of germanium on the structure of SiO<sub>2</sub>-ZnO-CaO-SrO-P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> glasses and the subsequent influence on glass polyalkenoate cement formation, solubility and bioactivity.

Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications·2019
Same author

A rising incidence and poorer male outcomes characterise early onset paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2017
Same author

Structural characterization and anti-cancerous potential of gallium bioactive glass/hydrogel composites.

Carbohydrate polymers·2016
Same author

Screw fixation versus arthroplasty versus plate fixation for 3-part radial head fractures.

Journal of orthopaedic surgery (Hong Kong)·2016
Same author

[Wound healing following laser cordectomy for early glottic carcinoma].

Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery·2016

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro
14:49

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro

Published on: April 15, 2022

4.6K

Degradable borate glass polyalkenoate cements.

L Shen1, A Coughlan, M Towler

  • 1Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, Binns-Merrill Hall, 2 Pine Street, Alfred, NY, 14802, USA.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|January 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluated novel aluminum-free borate glasses in glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs). Higher titanium dioxide content improved working and setting times, but cement strength degraded over time.

More Related Videos

Negative Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Boron Carbides
06:45

Negative Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Boron Carbides

Published on: September 18, 2018

8.2K
Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro
14:49

Direct and Indirect Culture Methods for Studying Biodegradable Implant Materials In Vitro

Published on: April 15, 2022

4.6K
Negative Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Boron Carbides
06:45

Negative Additive Manufacturing of Complex Shaped Boron Carbides

Published on: September 18, 2018

8.2K
Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Glass Science

Background:

  • Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) are advanced dental restorative materials.
  • Aluminum-free borate glasses offer potential alternatives for GPC formulations.
  • Understanding glass composition effects on GPC properties is crucial for material development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel aluminum-free borate glasses for GPC applications.
  • To evaluate the rheological properties, dissolution behavior, and mechanical strength of developed GPCs.
  • To determine the influence of titanium dioxide content on GPC performance.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of sixteen borate glass compositions for glass formation and rheology.
  • Development of four model borate glass compositions based on screening results.
  • Rheological testing, ion release studies, and compression testing of GPC formulations.
  • Evaluation of cement strength over time during immersion in water.

Main Results:

  • Borate glasses with higher TiO2 (7.5 mol %) exhibited longer working times and shorter setting times.
  • All GPC formulations displayed incongruent dissolution, with obscured glass dissolution profiles due to the cement matrix.
  • GPCs containing 7.5 mol % TiO2 showed the highest initial compressive strength (20-30 MPa).
  • Cement strength degraded over time in all tested GPC formulations, with no observed beneficial aging effect.

Conclusions:

  • Aluminum-free borate glasses can be formulated into GPCs with tunable rheological properties.
  • Titanium dioxide content significantly impacts GPC working and setting times.
  • While initial strength is promising, long-term durability and strength degradation remain challenges for these GPCs.