Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026
Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: March 15, 2018
Y-chromosome hyperploidy in Rumex
1Department of Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract:
1. Male and female Y-chromosome hyperploid plants were obtained and morphologically and cytologically investigated. 2. Conjugation of sex chromosomes was investigated in ♂ plants with 1, 2 and 3 additional Y chromosomes. Conjugation between sex chromosomes was end-to-end. Association between Y-chromosomes was partly based on conjugation between homologous segments and partly due to heterochromatin fusion. 3. Transmission of the additional Y chromosome to the progeny was studied. In all cases transmission of the extra Y chromosome was very low. The reasons for this phenomenon are probably nonrandom fertilization, nonrandom degeneration of megaspore, and reduced seed setting and seed fertility in plants with additional Y chromosomes. 4. The phenotypic effect of Y chromosome hyperploidy was investigated. Plants with extra Y chromosomes are shorter and die earlier. The fertility of such plants is low. Thus, although Y chromosomes are heterochromatic and nonactive (except in the premeiotic interphase of microsporogenesis) they have a marked influence on the appearance of Y-chromosome hyperploid plants.
More Related Videos
04:59Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-sensitive FISH Detection of Locus-specific Ribosomal RNA Transcription in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: March 28, 2025
08:22A Robust Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Assay for Quantifying Cytosine-guanine-guanine Trinucleotide Repeats in Fragile X Mental Retardation-1 Gene
Published on: September 16, 2019
Related Concept Videos
02:32X and Y Chromosomes
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...
01:35Pedigree Analysis
02:19The Y Chromosome Determines Maleness
Evolution
Around 300 million years ago, the two sex chromosomes diverged from two identical autosomal chromosomes. Over time, the Y chromosome has lost most of its genes, shrinking in size....
02:45The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
02:27Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
02:50Dosage Compensation
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...