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Related Concept Videos

Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

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Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
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Determinants of expression variability.

Elfalem Y Alemu1, Joseph W Carl, Héctor Corrada Bravo

  • 1Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research
|January 18, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene expression variability (EV) is linked to genomic, epigenomic, and functional traits. Less variable genes are often house-keeping, while highly variable genes relate to development and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Tissue-specific expression variability (EV) is a key gene characteristic with debated evolutionary drivers.
  • Understanding the factors influencing EV and its functional consequences is crucial but remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the determinants and functional implications of gene expression variability (EV) across human tissues.
  • To explore the correlations between EV and various genomic, epigenomic, regulatory, and functional gene features.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of multiple gene expression profiles from 41 primary human tissues.
  • Correlation analysis between EV and gene features including genomic context, epigenomic data, promoter strength, and protein characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Gene EV is significantly correlated with genomic context, epigenome, promoter strength, and protein properties (e.g., disorder, interactions).
  • Less variable genes are linked to purifying selection against copy number variations and house-keeping functions.
  • Highly variable genes are associated with development, extracellular functions, and human diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Gene expression variability is influenced by a combination of genomic, epigenomic, and regulatory factors.
  • EV has significant functional and evolutionary implications, distinguishing house-keeping genes from those involved in development and disease.