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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

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Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
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Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

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The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Recording and Analysis of Circadian Rhythms in Running-wheel Activity in Rodents
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[Circadian rhythm and mood disorder].

Michiko Konno1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Nihon University School of Medicine.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Distorted biological rhythms, or circadian dysfunction, are linked to mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder. While circadian genes may influence vulnerability, their exact role in the mood spectrum remains under investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Chronobiology
  • Psychiatry

Context:

  • Mood disorders exhibit disrupted biological rhythms, such as diurnal mood variation in depression and seasonal patterns in seasonal affective disorder.
  • Circadian dysfunction is increasingly implicated in the etiology and symptom severity of mood disorders.
  • Genetic studies suggest a role for clock gene variants in mood disorder vulnerability, particularly bipolar disorder.

Purpose:

  • To explore the role of circadian phenotypes and genes in mood spectrum disorders.
  • To clarify the relationship between circadian misalignment and mood disorder symptoms.
  • To investigate the pathoplastic versus pathogenetic effects of circadian factors in mood disorders.

Summary:

  • Mood disorders are characterized by altered biological cycling, with circadian dysfunction playing a potential etiological role.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

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  • Circadian misalignment between neuroendocrinological rhythms and sleep timing correlates with symptom severity.
  • While clock gene variants may influence vulnerability, their precise impact on the mood spectrum is still being determined, possibly acting as pathoplastic factors.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the significance of circadian rhythms in mood regulation and disorder.
    • Suggests potential therapeutic targets related to circadian rhythm management in mood disorders.
    • Underscores the need for further research into the genetic and phenotypic aspects of circadian influence on mood spectrum disorders.