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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

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Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
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Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

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Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
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Exercise Stress Test01:26

Exercise Stress Test

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Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
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Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation01:24

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation

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During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
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Energy Balance01:19

Energy Balance

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The human body gets energy from the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Energy is released when the chemical bonds in the organic compounds present in the food are broken down. The energy content of food is measured in kilocalories (kcal), defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This value is determined by measuring the temperature change of the water surrounding a calorimeter after the complete...
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Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State01:18

Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State

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The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
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Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans

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[Chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise].

Shigenobu Shibata1, Hiroyuki Sasaki1, Yuko Ikeda1

  • 1School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Timing your meals and exercise, known as chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise, is crucial for regulating your body

Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Nutritional Science

Context:

  • Circadian rhythms govern essential physiological processes including feeding and metabolism.
  • The interplay between circadian clocks and nutrient processing highlights the significance of meal timing.
  • Disruptions in circadian rhythms are linked to metabolic dysfunction.

Purpose:

  • To explore the concept of chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise.
  • To elucidate the impact of meal and exercise timing on circadian clock entrainment and metabolic health.
  • To investigate the role of feeding and exercise timing in preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Summary:

  • Regular feeding patterns and meal sizes, particularly larger breakfasts, entrain peripheral circadian clocks, aiding in obesity prevention.

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Determining the Contribution of the Energy Systems During Exercise
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Determining the Contribution of the Energy Systems During Exercise
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  • The timing of exercise (chrono-exercise), especially evening sessions or post-meal activity, also contributes to energy expenditure and obesity protection.
  • Both chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise are identified as key factors in managing and preventing metabolic syndrome.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the critical role of meal and exercise timing in metabolic health.
    • Provides evidence for practical strategies in chrono-nutrition and chrono-exercise for public health.
    • Suggests that optimizing the timing of daily activities can be a significant factor in combating metabolic syndrome.