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Physical characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

T A Egerton1, I R Tooley

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.

International Journal of Cosmetic Science
|January 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Different methods measure primary or secondary particle sizes of ultrafine inorganic oxides in cosmetics. Dispersion conditions significantly impact secondary particle size measurements, affecting cosmetic formulation analysis.

Keywords:
chemical analysisclaim substantiation in vivo/in vitrosuncare/UV protection

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Cosmetic Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Ultrafine inorganic oxides are key components in cosmetic formulations.
  • These oxides can exist as primary particles, aggregates, or agglomerates.
  • Accurate particle size characterization is crucial for cosmetic product performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review six common measurement methods for ultrafine inorganic oxides in cosmetics.
  • To analyze how processing and dispersion affect particle characterization.
  • To correlate results from different measurement techniques.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray line broadening
  • Electron microscopy
  • Static light scattering
  • Dynamic light scattering
  • X-ray sedimentation
  • Surface area determination

Main Results:

  • X-ray line broadening, electron microscopy, and surface area methods estimate primary particle size.
  • Sedimentation and light scattering methods measure secondary particle size.
  • Dispersion conditions heavily influence secondary particle size measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Method choice dictates whether primary or secondary particle size is measured.
  • Dispersion quality is critical for accurate secondary particle size determination.
  • Understanding these factors is essential for reliable characterization of cosmetic ingredients.