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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Substance dependence is a complex condition often co-occurring with psychological distress.
  • Distress tolerance (DT) is the ability to withstand negative emotional states, a factor potentially relevant to addiction.
  • Limited research exists on DT levels within substance-dependent populations and their relationship with clinical factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate distress tolerance (DT) levels in individuals with substance dependence.
  • To explore the relationship between DT and specific features of substance dependence.
  • To compare DT and associated psychological factors between substance-dependent individuals and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 93 participants (49 substance dependent, 44 healthy controls) was assessed.
  • Diagnostic evaluation utilized the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Diagnosis (SCID-I).
  • Psychological measures included the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State & Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).

Main Results:

  • The substance-dependent group exhibited significantly higher scores on the BDI and STAI, indicating greater depression and anxiety.
  • Conversely, the substance-dependent group demonstrated lower scores on the DTS, signifying reduced distress tolerance.
  • DT levels were not associated with the duration or age of first substance use but strongly correlated with trait anxiety, state anxiety, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Substance-dependent individuals present with markedly diminished distress tolerance compared to healthy controls.
  • Distress tolerance emerges as a significant factor linked to anxiety and depression in substance dependence.
  • Findings suggest that enhancing distress tolerance could be a valuable therapeutic target in substance dependence treatment.