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Person-environment relations.

M Law1, B Acheson Cooper2, D Stewart3

  • 1School of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Chedoke-McMaster Hospitals, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Work (Reading, Mass.)
|January 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rehabilitation increasingly recognizes the environment's impact on behavior. This shift moves from focusing solely on personal adaptation to understanding complex person-environment interactions and transactions.

Keywords:
AdaptationPerson-environment fitRehabilitationTheory

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Environmental Psychology
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • Traditional rehabilitation practice has historically emphasized individual adaptation over environmental influences on behavior.
  • A growing body of literature highlights the critical role of the environment in shaping personal outcomes and functional abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss eight external person-environment models relevant to rehabilitation.
  • To compare and contrast these models with existing rehabilitation perspectives on the person-environment relationship.
  • To identify the evolving theoretical underpinnings of rehabilitation practice.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review and conceptual analysis of eight established person-environment models from various disciplines.
  • Comparative analysis of how these models conceptualize the individual, the environment, their interaction, and adaptation.
  • Contrast of these external models with traditional rehabilitation viewpoints.

Main Results:

  • Eight diverse person-environment models were identified and analyzed for their applicability to rehabilitation.
  • Significant differences were observed in how these models define the person, environment, and their relationship compared to rehabilitation.
  • The review highlights a conceptual evolution within rehabilitation theory.

Conclusions:

  • Rehabilitation practice is transitioning from a focus on "person-environment fit" to a more dynamic "transactional" view.
  • This evolution acknowledges the intricate and reciprocal relationship between individuals and their surroundings.
  • Adopting these external models can enrich rehabilitation's theoretical framework and practical application.