Cultural considerations in the development of children with disabilities: implications for future work potential

This article discusses the role of culture in the development of individuals with disabilities and how culture might affect one's self-esteem. Implications for future work potential are presented relative to self-esteem. The World Health Organization definitions of impairment, disability and handicap are presented as a reminder that someone with a disability is considered 'handicapped' by the society or culture in which one lives and works. Thus it is culture which helps to mold how one thinks about oneself and about what one is capable of doing in one's life. Next, culture is defined and parents' cultural beliefs about disability are examined. Cross-cultural studies are presented to illustrate differences between cultures relative to disabilities with implications for participation in an adult society. Cooperation and competition are mentioned. Several educational experiences are described in the context of culture. All who work with children with disabilities are urged to be aware of the culture(s) of each child and of the potential effects on self-esteem and on one's ability to be a contributing member of society.