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Detraining in young soccer players.

G Melchiorri1, M Ronconi, T Triossi

  • 1Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy - gmelchiorri@libero.it.

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Long-term detraining significantly reduces cardiorespiratory fitness in young soccer players, decreasing oxygen uptake and running speeds. Maintenance training is recommended to mitigate these declines during off-seasons.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Athlete Performance

Background:

  • Detraining, defined as a period of reduced training load, can be short-term (<4 weeks) or long-term (>4 weeks).
  • Young team sport athletes are susceptible to physiological changes during prolonged breaks from training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological cardiorespiratory changes in young soccer players following a long-term detraining period.
  • To quantify the magnitude of these changes in key performance indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Fourteen young soccer players (15 ± 1 years) underwent incremental exercise testing before and after a six-week detraining period.
  • Evaluated physiological variables included oxygen uptake (VO₂), ventilation (VE), and aerobic (VA) and anaerobic (VAn) running speeds.

Main Results:

  • Significant decreases were observed in VO₂ at aerobic (22.7%) and anaerobic (25.8%) thresholds, and VO₂ max (21.2%) after detraining.
  • Running speeds at aerobic (11.5 to 10.7 km/h) and anaerobic (15.3 to 14.2 km/h) thresholds, and peak running speed (18.8 to 17.2 km/h) also significantly decreased.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term detraining substantially impairs cardiorespiratory fitness and running performance in young athletes.
  • Maintenance training or limited rest periods (≤15 days) are recommended to preserve fitness during off-seasons.