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    Area of Science:

    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Solid State Chemistry

    Background:

    • Magnetoelectric antiferromagnets offer unique coupling between electric and magnetic properties.
    • Theoretical models predict universal boundary magnetization in these materials.
    • Experimental verification is crucial for understanding and utilizing these phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally demonstrate and characterize voltage-controllable boundary magnetization in Fe2TeO6.
    • To provide evidence for the universality of boundary magnetization in magnetoelectric antiferromagnets.
    • To investigate the magnetic properties and surface spin of Fe2TeO6.

    Main Methods:

    • Pulsed laser deposition was used to grow highly (110) textured Fe2TeO6 thin films.
    • Magnetic dc susceptibility measurements were performed on powder and thin film samples.
    • X-ray magnetic circular dichroism combined with photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) was employed.

    Main Results:

    • Fe2TeO6 was identified as a magnetoelectric antiferromagnet.
    • Voltage-controllable boundary magnetization was observed.
    • Antiferromagnetic long-range order was confirmed in both powder and thin films.
    • A lower bound for the spin and angular magnetic moment of surface Fe ions was determined.

    Conclusions:

    • Fe2TeO6 exhibits voltage-controllable boundary magnetization, supporting theoretical predictions.
    • Boundary magnetization is a universal property of magnetoelectric antiferromagnets, including at surfaces orthogonal to the polar direction.
    • The study provides a foundation for exploring novel spintronic applications based on magnetoelectric effects.