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Related Experiment Video

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Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes
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Matrix regulators in neural stem cell functions.

Anna Wade1, Andrew McKinney1, Joanna J Phillips2

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|January 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) niche, including the extracellular matrix, provides temporal and spatial regulation of NSPC behaviors crucial for development and repair.

Keywords:
Extracellular matrixHSPGNSCNeural stem cellProteoglycanSulfs

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) exist in a dynamic microenvironment called the niche.
  • This niche is essential for regulating NSPC behavior during neural development and repair.
  • Precise control over NSPC self-renewal, migration, and differentiation is critical throughout an organism's life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major components of the NSPC niche.
  • To provide examples of how extracellular matrix cues regulate NSPC behaviors.
  • To illustrate the diverse roles of the niche in temporal and spatial regulation using proteoglycans.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing NSPC niche components.
  • Analysis of extracellular matrix influences on NSPC behavior.
  • Case study using proteoglycans to demonstrate niche regulation.

Main Results:

  • The NSPC niche comprises soluble ligands, extracellular matrix, and cellular components.
  • Extracellular matrix cues, exemplified by proteoglycans, significantly regulate NSPC behaviors.
  • The niche provides essential temporal and spatial control over NSPC functions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding NSPC niche factors is vital for modulating neural development and repair.
  • Investigating these factors may reveal novel anti-tumor strategies by understanding their role in cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation.
  • This review is part of a special issue on matrix-mediated cell behavior.