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Prdm9 polymorphism unveils mouse evolutionary tracks.

Hiromitsu Kono1, Masaru Tamura2, Naoki Osada3

  • 1Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.

DNA Research : an International Journal for Rapid Publication of Reports on Genes and Genomes
|January 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The PR/SET domain containing 9 (Prdm9) gene shows high polymorphism in house mice, influencing recombination hotspots and potentially speciation. Its variation appears linked to geography and evolutionary time, not simple balanced selection.

Keywords:
Prdm9evolutionmousepolymorphism

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • The PR/SET domain containing 9 (Prdm9) gene is crucial for mediating histone modifications like H3K4me3, which identify meiotic recombination hotspots.
  • Prdm9 exhibits significant polymorphism across mammalian species, hypothesized to drive the diversity of recombination hotspots and cause male hybrid sterility, thus contributing to reproductive isolation and speciation.
  • Limited data exists on Prdm9 sequence variation within natural populations, hindering a full understanding of its evolutionary role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive population survey of Prdm9 polymorphism in the house mouse (Mus musculus).
  • To investigate the evolutionary dynamics and geographical distribution of Prdm9 alleles in natural mouse populations.

Main Methods:

  • Population genetics survey of Prdm9 sequences in Mus musculus.
  • Phylogeographical analysis of Prdm9 allele distribution and introgression.
  • Analysis of Prdm9 polymorphism in relation to recombination hotspots and t-haplotypes.

Main Results:

  • Mus musculus Prdm9 exhibits exceptionally high polymorphism, especially in zinc finger repeat regions critical for hotspot recognition.
  • Subspecies-specific Prdm9 alleles are predominant within their respective territories.
  • Highly divergent Prdm9 alleles, associated with t-haplotypes, show evidence of introgression across subspecies boundaries.
  • Phylogeographical analysis indicates that the need for hotspot diversity varies with geographical range and evolutionary timescale.
  • Prdm9 polymorphism is not maintained by simple balanced selection within each subspecies population.

Conclusions:

  • Prdm9 polymorphism is a key driver of genetic diversity and reproductive isolation in Mus musculus.
  • The distribution and introgression of Prdm9 alleles are shaped by geographical factors and evolutionary history.
  • The evolutionary maintenance of Prdm9 polymorphism is complex and likely involves multiple selective pressures beyond simple balancing selection.