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Updated: May 3, 2026

Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
Published on: March 1, 2013
Safety concerns to application of graphene compounds in pharmacy and medicine
Mehdi Mogharabi, Mohammad Abdollahi, Mohammad Ali Faramarzi1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran. faramarz@tums.ac.ir.
Abstract:
Graphene, the new allotrope of carbon is a single layer of monocrystalline graphite with sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. This compound has received worldwide attention due to its extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Duo to the widespread application of geraphenes, concerns are raising about its environmental safety or the safety protocols for handling and waste of graphene-based materials. The generation of reactive free radicals, adsorption of important biomolecules, and physical toxicity of graphene also matter. Hereby we criticize the concerns on the toxicity of graphenes to provide some perspective on the potential hazards of future development in graphene-based biomaterials.
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