Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026

Measuring and Interpreting Oxygen Consumption Rates in Whole Fly Head Segments
Published on: January 7, 2019
Revisiting ventilatory and cardiovascular predictions of whole-body metabolic rate
Sean R Notley1, Hugh H K Fullagar, Daniel S Lee
1From the Centre for Human and Applied Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Objective:
The influence of variations in exercise mode, thermal state, and load carriage on cardiac and ventilatory predictors of metabolic rate were investigated.
Methods:
Fifteen males were studied at rest and during whole-, upper-, and lower-body exercise (unloaded and loaded) under thermoneutral and hot conditions.
Results:
Ventilatory predictions were superior in thermoneutral (residual mean square error range: 0.04 to 0.17 L·min(-1) vs 0.21 to 0.36 L·min(-1)) and hot conditions (0.03 to 0.07 L·min(-1) vs 0.21 to 0.24 L·min(-1)). Predictions derived from whole- or lower-body exercise, and unloaded or loaded exercise could be interchanged without significant error. Nevertheless, a mode-specific prediction was required for upper-body work, and mild hyperthermia significantly reduced the precision of cardiac predictions.
Conclusion:
Ventilatory predictions were more precise, but errors from heart-rate predictions could be minimized by using thermal-state and exercise mode-specific predictions.
Related Concept Videos
Metabolic Rate
The Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measures the energy expended at rest.
Several factors influence...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
Assessment of Respiration
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
Factors Affecting Respiration
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

