Step-length variability in minimally disabled women with multiple sclerosis or clinically isolated syndrome

Gait is one of the most frequently impaired bodily functions in multiple sclerosis (MS). Determining abnormal parameters of gait in early MS could influence MS treatment and rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased step-length variability could be detected in minimally disabled patients with MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) using a sensored walkway gait analysis system. Nine participants with MS/CIS and nine age- and gender-matched controls were recruited for this study. MS/CIS participants underwent a neurologic examination, and all participants completed a screening interview. Each participant completed three walks at a self-selected pace and three walks at a brisk pace across the GAITRite walkway (MAP/CIR Inc, Havertown, PA). Mean values for step-length variability, step length, and velocity were calculated for each participant's self-selected and brisk trials. Independent t tests were used to compare MS/CIS participants with controls, and effect sizes were calculated. Step-length variability in the left leg at the self-selected pace was found to be greater in participants with MS/CIS than in controls, although no significant differences were found in velocity or step length. Step-length variability measurement shows promise in detecting subtle gait dysfunction. Larger, prospective studies exploring step-length variability may determine its clinical viability for detecting subtle gait dysfunction and could lead to improved prognostication of disability progression in MS.