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Updated: May 3, 2026
In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time
Published on: May 24, 2020
Blood clot simulation model by using the Bond-Graph technique
Gregorio Romero1, M Luisa Martinez1, Joaquin Maroto1
1CITEF, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, C. Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Insights
Cardiovascular disease causes millions of deaths annually. This study optimizes simulation models for blood clots, crucial for mechanical thrombectomy device development and stroke treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Fluid Dynamics
- Medical Device Simulation
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes, result in 17 million deaths yearly.
- Cerebral strokes are often caused by occluding blood clots, necessitating catheter-based removal.
- Mechanical thrombectomy devices are increasingly used for clot removal, requiring accurate simulation models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine and optimize a simulation model for blood clots.
- To integrate this model with existing mechanical thrombectomy device simulations.
- To provide a foundational model for future advancements in clot removal technology.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a multidomain technique to analyze clot-artery wall and platelet interactions.
- Derived mathematical equations to define the comprehensive blood clot model.
- Employed a consecutive approximation approach to refine the model and address challenges.
Main Results:
- Developed a simulation model that characterizes blood clot elasticity.
- The model accounts for the potential detachment process from the artery wall.
- Successfully outlined the behavior laws essential for future clot simulation models.
Conclusions:
- The presented blood clot model is suitable for integration into mechanical thrombectomy simulations.
- This research contributes to the advancement of minimally invasive stroke treatments.
- The established model provides a basis for enhanced understanding and simulation of clot behavior.
Abstract:
The World Health Organization estimates that 17 million people die of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart attacks and strokes, every year. Most strokes are caused by a blood clot that occludes an artery in the cerebral circulation and the process concerning the removal of this obstruction involves catheterisation. The fundamental object of the presented study consists in determining and optimizing the necessary simulation model corresponding with the blood clot zone to be implemented jointly with other Mechanical Thrombectomy Device simulation models, which have become more widely used during the last decade. To do so, a multidomain technique is used to better explain the different aspects of the attachment to the artery wall and between the existing platelets, it being possible to obtain the mathematical equations that define the full model. For a better understanding, a consecutive approximation to the definitive model will be presented, analyzing the different problems found during the study. The final presented model considers an elastic characterization of the blood clot composition and the possibility of obtaining a consecutive detachment process from the artery wall. In conclusion, the presented model contains the necessary behaviour laws to be implemented in future blood clot simulation models.
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