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Platform switching on wide-diameter external hex implants: a finite element analysis.

Stefano Sivolella¹, Riccardo Guazzo², Eriberto Bressan³

¹DDS, Clinical Assistant, Department of Oral Surgery, Padova University, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Padova, Italy.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry

|January 24, 2014

Summary

Platform switching, using a narrower abutment (4.1 mm) with a wider implant (5.0 mm), better distributes stress on the bone margins. This technique reduces stress concentration compared to using a wider abutment, enhancing implant stability.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Dental Implantology
Biomechanics

Background:

Dental implants require stable integration with surrounding bone.
Abutment selection influences stress distribution around dental implants.
Platform switching is a technique that may alter stress patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare stress distribution in peri-implant bone using finite element analysis.
To evaluate the effect of abutment diameter (4.1 mm vs. 5.0 mm) on a 5.0 mm implant.
To assess the impact of platform switching on stress transfer under different loading conditions.

Main Methods:

Development of a 3D CAD model of a 5 x 11.5 mm external hex implant system.
Inclusion of two abutment diameters: 4.1 mm and 5.0 mm.
Simulation of axial and off-center loading conditions (200 N) on the abutments.

Main Results:

Wider abutments (5.0 mm) transmitted greater stress to the bone below the implant neck.
Narrower abutments (4.1 mm) confined stress to the implant-abutment complex and transferred it more distally.
Non-symmetrical loading resulted in lower bone stresses with the narrower abutment.

Conclusions:

Platform switching (4.1 mm abutment on 5.0 mm implant) leads to a more even distribution of peri-implant stresses.
This technique effectively manages stresses from simulated occlusal loads on bone margins.
Platform switching may enhance the longevity and stability of dental implants.