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Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

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Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

Pyloric Obstruction

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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

Small intestinal obstruction caused by anisakiasis.

Yuichi Takano¹, Kuniyo Gomi¹, Toshiyuki Endo¹

¹Division of Gastroenterology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, 1-30 Fujigaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-0043, Japan.

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

|January 24, 2014

Summary

Small intestinal anisakiasis, a rare parasitic infection, can cause obstruction but often resolves with conservative treatment. Early diagnosis is key to avoiding unnecessary surgery for this typically benign condition.

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Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

Published on: October 29, 2014

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Parasitology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Small intestinal anisakiasis is a rare and challenging diagnosis, often initially mistaken for surgical emergencies.
Despite its diagnostic difficulty, anisakiasis is usually a benign condition that resolves with conservative management.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a case of small intestinal obstruction due to anisakiasis successfully treated conservatively.
To highlight the importance of considering anisakiasis in patients with relevant exposure history and suggestive symptoms.

Main Methods:

A 63-year-old male presented with acute abdominal pain after consuming raw fish.
Diagnostic workup included abdominal CT, IgE testing, and anti-Anisakis antibody assays (IgG and IgA).
Conservative treatment involved an ileus tube, fasting, and fluid replacement.

Main Results:

Abdominal CT revealed small intestinal dilatation, wall thickening, and ascites.
Elevated IgE and positive anti-Anisakis antibodies supported the diagnosis.
The patient's symptoms resolved quickly with conservative management, leading to discharge on day seven.

Conclusions:

Small intestinal anisakiasis, though uncommon and difficult to diagnose, is a self-limiting disease.
A conservative treatment approach is recommended to prevent unnecessary surgical interventions for anisakiasis.