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Personality and cardiovascular risk: association between hypertension and affective temperaments-a cross-sectional
Ajandek Eory1, Xenia Gonda, Zsolt Lang
1Department of Family Medicine Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.
Insights
Cyclothymic temperament, characterized by mood swings, is significantly linked to primary hypertension. This finding suggests cyclothymic traits may be an important cardiovascular risk factor requiring further clinical assessment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Psychiatry
- General Practice
Background:
- Affective temperaments are subclinical indicators of affective disorders.
- Affective disorders and cardiovascular diseases share a bidirectional relationship.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between affective temperaments and primary hypertension.
- Primary hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Main Methods:
- 251 patients in primary care, including 179 with hypertension, completed the TEMPS-A questionnaire.
- Logistic regression analysis assessed the relationship between affective temperaments, lifestyle factors, and hypertension.
- Data included lifestyle risk factors and chronic diseases.
Main Results:
- Dominant cyclothymic temperament showed a significant association with hypertension (P = 0.006).
- This association remained significant after adjusting for age, diabetes, and obesity (OR: 11.88).
- The adjusted P-value was 0.024 after controlling for family-wise error rate.
Conclusions:
- Dominant cyclothymic affective temperament may represent an additional risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity.
- Further assessment is recommended to identify at-risk patients and personalize treatment strategies.
Background:
Affective temperaments can be considered the subclinical manifestations of affective disorders, which have a bidirectional relationship with cardiovascular diseases.
Objectives:
Aim of this study was to assess the role of affective temperaments in primary hypertension, which is the leading risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Methods:
In total, 251 consecutive patients, including 179 patients being treated for primary hypertension with anti-hypertensives, with chronic disorders without diagnosed depression were enrolled in a primary care setting. Patients completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). Lifestyle-related risk factors, chronic diseases including cardiovascular complications were also recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship of affective temperaments and lifestyle-related risk factors on hypertension.
Results:
Dominant cyclothymic temperament-with instability and rapid mood swings as main characteristics-had a significant association with hypertension (P = 0.006) even after the adjustment of correlation for known risk factors such as age, diabetes mellitus and obesity (OR: 11.88, 95%CI: 1.27-111.17). This association remained significant after controlling for the family wise error rate. The obtained adjusted P value was 0.024 at a 0.05 error rate.
Conclusion:
RESULTS indicate that dominant cyclothymic affective temperament may be an additional risk factor in cardiovascular morbidity, and it may be worthy of further assessment to identify patients at risk and formulate a more individualized treatment approach.
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