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Recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) applied to new HIV diagnoses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 2009
A Aghaizu1, G Murphy, J Tosswill
1HIV and STI Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, Colindale, London, United Kingdom.
Summary
Public Health England
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Public Health England (PHE) implemented a recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) in 2009 for new HIV diagnoses.
- RITA identifies likely HIV acquisition within the preceding six months using HIV antibody avidity testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence and characteristics of recent HIV infections in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland between 2009 and 2011.
- To identify demographic groups with higher rates of recent HIV acquisition.
Main Methods:
- Utilized RITA on serum specimens from new HIV diagnoses for antibody avidity testing.
- Collected data on CD4 count, antiretroviral treatment, and AIDS-defining illnesses.
- Analyzed demographic factors including age, sex, sexual orientation, and ethnicity.
Main Results:
- 38.4% of new HIV diagnoses were tested using RITA between 2009-2011.
- Overall recent HIV infection rate was 14.7%, significantly higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) (22.3%) compared to heterosexuals (7.8%).
- Younger individuals (15-24 years) and MSM showed higher recent infection rates. Black Africans among heterosexuals had lower recent infection rates compared to whites.
Conclusions:
- Evidence of ongoing HIV transmission was observed during the study period.
- MSM and younger populations were disproportionately affected by recent HIV infections.
- RITA is a valuable tool for monitoring HIV transmission dynamics and informing public health interventions.
