Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

2.0K
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
2.0K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

6.9K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
6.9K
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

937
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
937
Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

2.6K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.6K
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

27.3K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
27.3K
Storage01:23

Storage

532
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
532

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Topological modeling of gene expression in the brain with Huntington's disease reveals selective disruption of co-expression network.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Assessing leaky expression of Cre-dependent DNA constructs in the mouse genome using sensitive bioluminescent reporters.

Cell reports methods·2026
Same author

Comparative sequence analysis of the mouse pseudoautosomal region from three inbred strains reveals it to be the most rapidly evolving 'chromosome'.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences·2026
Same author

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Consumption: Biological Mechanisms of Stress Resilience to Subsequent Alcohol Consumption.

Alcohol research : current reviews·2026
Same author

Deep Learning Method for Classifying Spatial Patterning of Early Differentiated Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells using Micropattern Images.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025
Same author

The legacy of Rudolf Nieuwenhuys in perspective.

Brain structure & function·2025
Same journal

A native sulfur deposit in Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Coordinated demise of harmful algal blooms.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Genetic effects put into context.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Bacteria share proteins to survive antibiotics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Impacts shaped Earth's first continents.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Report "Covalently bonded single-molecule junctions with stable and reversible photoswitched conductivity" by C. Jia <i>et al</i>.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

2.6K

Island cells control temporal association memory.

Takashi Kitamura1, Michele Pignatelli, Junghyup Suh

  • 1RIKEN-MIT Center for Neural Circuit Genetics at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New research identifies island cells in the entorhinal cortex (EC) that regulate temporal association memory. These cells control the strength and duration of memory by inhibiting inputs to the hippocampus.

More Related Videos

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement
10:37

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement

Published on: September 18, 2021

17.5K
Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

Published on: June 26, 2013

26.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:17

Aversive Associative Learning and Memory Formation by Pairing Two Chemicals in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: June 23, 2022

2.6K
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement
10:37

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement

Published on: September 18, 2021

17.5K
Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation
09:39

Improved Preparation and Preservation of Hippocampal Mouse Slices for a Very Stable and Reproducible Recording of Long-term Potentiation

Published on: June 26, 2013

26.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research
  • Circuitry of Memory

Background:

  • Episodic memory relies on linking events that occur at different times.
  • The entorhinal-hippocampal network is crucial for forming these temporal associations.
  • A direct pathway from medial entorhinal cortex layer III (MECIII) to CA1 facilitates temporal linking, but regulatory circuits remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify neural circuits that regulate temporal associations in episodic memory.
  • To elucidate the role of specific neuronal populations in controlling memory strength and duration.

Main Methods:

  • Electrophysiological recordings in the entorhinal cortex (EC) and hippocampus.
  • Optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulation of neuronal activity.
  • Behavioral analysis of trace fear memory in rodents.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of excitatory 'island cells' in layer II of the entorhinal cortex (ECII).
  • ECII island cells project directly to the CA1 region and activate inhibitory interneurons.
  • These island cells exert feed-forward inhibition on MECIII inputs, modulating CA1 pyramidal neuron activity.
  • This mechanism controls the strength and duration of temporal associations in trace fear memory.

Conclusions:

  • ECII island cells form a novel circuit for regulating temporal association memory.
  • The interplay between ECII island cells and MECIII inputs provides a control mechanism for memory.
  • This finding advances our understanding of the neural basis of episodic memory formation and regulation.