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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
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Adapted Resistance Training Improves Strength in Eight Weeks in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Body composition and physical function in women with multiple sclerosis.

Christie L Ward1, Yoojin Suh, Abbi D Lane

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|January 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Physical activity and body composition impact lower-limb function in multiple sclerosis (MS). Interventions targeting fat mass, lean mass, and physical activity may improve function for individuals with MS.

Keywords:
6-minute walkadipositybody compositionlean massmultiple sclerosispedometer step countsphysical activityphysical functionweight statuswomen

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with reduced physical activity (PA) and lower-limb physical function.
  • Individuals with MS may experience altered body composition compared to healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential associations of PA and body composition with lower-limb physical function in MS patients versus controls.
  • To identify potential targets for interventions aimed at improving physical function in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 51 females with MS and age/BMI-matched controls.
  • PA measured by daily step counts; body composition (% fat mass, leg lean mass) assessed by DXA.
  • Lower-limb physical function evaluated using objective performance tests.

Main Results:

  • Persons with MS exhibited significantly poorer lower-limb physical function (12.5%-53%) compared to controls.
  • PA, % fat mass, and leg lean mass to body mass ratio were associated with lower-limb function in both groups.
  • Higher fat mass, lower lean mass ratio, and MS diagnosis independently predicted poorer physical function.

Conclusions:

  • Body composition (adiposity, lean mass) and PA levels are key correlates of lower-limb function in MS.
  • Strategies to reduce adiposity, increase lean mass, and enhance PA may be beneficial for MS management.
  • These factors represent potential therapeutic targets for improving physical function in multiple sclerosis.