Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

35.7K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
35.7K
Space Trusses01:25

Space Trusses

1.3K
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. The space truss is widely used in various construction projects due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads.
At the core of a space truss lies the fundamental unit known as the tetrahedron. This structure is composed of six members that form a three-dimensional shape...
1.3K
State Space Representation01:27

State Space Representation

571
The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
Consider an RLC circuit, a...
571
Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

9.6K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
9.6K
Space Trusses: Problem Solving01:29

Space Trusses: Problem Solving

908
A space truss is a three-dimensional counterpart of a planar truss. These structures consist of members connected at their ends, often utilizing ball-and-socket joints to create a stable and versatile framework. Due to its adaptability and capacity to withstand complex loads, the space truss is widely used in various construction projects.
Consider a tripod consisting of a tetrahedral space truss with a ball-and-socket joint at C. Suppose the height and lengths of the horizontal and vertical...
908
Transfer Function to State Space01:23

Transfer Function to State Space

802
State-space representation is a powerful tool for simulating physical systems on digital computers, necessitating the conversion of the transfer function into state-space form. Consider an nth-order linear differential equation with constant coefficients, like those encountered in an RLC circuit. The state variables are selected as the output and its n−1 derivatives. Differentiating these variables and substituting them back into the original equation produces the state equations.
In an RLC...
802

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Is the whole more than the sum of its parts? Considering global and local features of the connectome improves prediction of individuals and phenotypes.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

SAR-Efficient Sub-Volume Imaging Using Nonlinear Gradient Magnetic Fields.

Journal of imaging·2026
Same author

Using connectome-based predictive models to reveal the systems standardized tests and clinical symptoms are reflecting.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Patients' pain experience in claudication: Biopsychosocial correlates of frequency, intensity, sleep interference, and chronic pain.

The journal of pain·2026
Same author

Optimizing functional connectivity scanning conditions for predicting autistic traits.

Nature. Mental health·2026
Same author

Feature overlap in transdiagnostic connectome-based models of sustained attention and autism symptoms.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat
12:41

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K

Multiecho acquisition of O-space data.

Gigi Galiana1, Dana Peters, Leo Tam

  • 1Yale University, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, Neurosurgery, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|January 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Turbo spin echo O-Space imaging combines nonlinear gradient encoding with echo trains for faster MRI scans. New pulse sequence and image processing strategies effectively reduce artifacts and improve contrast, making faster imaging feasible.

Keywords:
EPIO-SpaceRAREaccelerated imagingfast spin echoparallel imagingturbo spin echo

More Related Videos

Strategies for Optimization of Cryogenic Electron Tomography Data Acquisition
08:16

Strategies for Optimization of Cryogenic Electron Tomography Data Acquisition

Published on: March 19, 2021

5.0K
Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions
07:46

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Published on: April 20, 2016

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat
12:41

Acquisition of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data in the Rat

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.9K
Strategies for Optimization of Cryogenic Electron Tomography Data Acquisition
08:16

Strategies for Optimization of Cryogenic Electron Tomography Data Acquisition

Published on: March 19, 2021

5.0K
Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions
07:46

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Published on: April 20, 2016

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Image Acquisition
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Nonlinear gradient encoding (O-Space imaging) enables high-quality MRI with few echoes.
  • Acquiring data in echo trains further accelerates image acquisition.
  • Combining these techniques presents challenges in image contrast and artifact management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop strategies for pulse sequence design and image processing to mitigate challenges in combining O-Space imaging with echo trains.
  • To enable faster MRI acquisition while maintaining image quality.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a novel echo ordering accounting for O-Space k-space sampling.
  • Developed a postprocessing filter for tunable T2-weighting.
  • Introduced an offset between linear and nonlinear gradients to uniquely identify echo centers.

Main Results:

  • Simulations demonstrated that the strategies effectively reduce artifacts caused by T2 (or T2*) decay.
  • The proposed methods produce contrast reflecting relaxation at specific echo times.
  • The developed techniques allow for tunable T2-weighting.

Conclusions:

  • Turbo spin echo O-Space imaging is theoretically feasible.
  • The enhanced undersampling allows for shorter echo trains at a given scan time.
  • This approach advances accelerated MRI acquisition techniques.